We assessed the role of lead and cadmium as partial mediators between smoking and composite cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease (CCVD). We also studied the association between urinary heavy metals and…
A man presented with hypothyroidism, dilated cardiomyopathy, a pericardial effusion, liver failure, and polycythaemia. He had a history of bilateral hip replacements and new-onset hip pain. The patient progressed to…
Background It is unclear whether environmental cadmium exposure is associated with cardiovascular disease, although recent data suggest associations with myocardial infarction and peripheral arterial disease. Objective The objective of this…
Nonhealing wounds remain a significant challenge for plastic surgeons. More than 600,000 people suffer from venous ulcers and 1.5 to 3 million people are being treated for pressure sores every…