Epidemiologic studies have shown the health risks of exposure to cigarette smoke and air pollution, with heavy metal composition implicated as contributing to both. Environmental exposure to cigarette smoke has…
Introduction: The heavy metals in air pollution particles are iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), lead (Pb), chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu) and so on. These metals can contribute…
Objectives: Analysis of heart rate variability (HRV) is useful for measuring cardiovascular autonomic function. The effects of blood metals on cardiovascular autonomic function have not been studied extensively. The objective…
Metals differ from most synthetic organic chemicals in that their clinical manifestations are well known and methods for their measurement in the body are generally well established. Since metals are…